#Copyright (c) 2016 Shaun Ramsey # #Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: #The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. #THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. import sys import copy # the board consists of class Mancala: FirstTurn = True FirstBoard = [] SecondBoard = [] FirstShole = 0 SecondShole = 0 def __init__(self): self.FirstTurn = True #these numbers are displayed in reverse....from right to left self.FirstBoard = [ 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4 ] self.FirstShole = 0 #displayed in order from left to right self.SecondBoard = [ 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4 ] self.SecondShole = 0 def setBoard(self, turn, fb, fs, sb, ss): self.FirstTurn = turn self.FirstBoard = fb self.FirstShole = fs self.SecondBoard = sb self.SecondShole = ss ######################################################### # this will display the board def display(self): print " ************************************************************** " if self.FirstTurn is True: print " 5 4 3 2 1 0 "; print " <-----------------------------" print " ", for i in reversed(self.FirstBoard): print "%-*s" % (3, i), print "" print " ", print "%-*s" % (3, self.FirstShole), print "%-*s" % (21, " "), print "%-*s" % (3, self.SecondShole) print " ", for i in self.SecondBoard: print "%-*s" % (3, i), print"" print " ------------------------------> " if self.FirstTurn is False: print " 0 1 2 3 4 5 "; #this moves stones from in hand and drops them into holes on the first person's side #if it is the first person's turn, it might reap special benefits def firstMove(self, choice, stonesInHand, turn): while choice <= 5 and stonesInHand > 0: self.FirstBoard[choice] = self.FirstBoard[choice] + 1 stonesInHand = stonesInHand - 1; if turn is True and stonesInHand == 0 and self.FirstBoard[choice] == 1: #placed the last stone in empty hole if self.SecondBoard[5-choice] != 0: self.FirstBoard[choice] = 0 self.FirstShole = self.FirstShole + 1 + self.SecondBoard[5-choice] self.SecondBoard[5-choice] = 0 choice = choice + 1 #self.display() return 0, stonesInHand def secondMove(self, choice, stonesInHand, turn): while choice <= 5 and stonesInHand > 0: #print "Choice:",choice, " StonesLeftToDrop: ", stonesInHand self.SecondBoard[choice] = self.SecondBoard[choice] + 1 stonesInHand = stonesInHand - 1; if turn is False and stonesInHand == 0 and self.SecondBoard[choice] == 1: #placed the last stone in empty hole if self.FirstBoard[5-choice] != 0: self.SecondBoard[choice] = 0 self.SecondShole = self.SecondShole + 1 + self.FirstBoard[5-choice] self.FirstBoard[5-choice] = 0 choice = choice + 1 #self.display() return 0, stonesInHand #if we drop the last stone in the first player's shole, they should go again #drop a stone in the first person's shole def scoreFirstHole(self, stonesInHand): if stonesInHand > 0: self.FirstShole = self.FirstShole + 1 stonesInHand = stonesInHand - 1; # drop one in the shole if stonesInHand == 0: return True #all done return False #if we drop the last stone in the first player's shole, they should go again #drop a stone in the first person's shole def scoreSecondHole(self, stonesInHand): if stonesInHand > 0: self.SecondShole = self.SecondShole + 1 stonesInHand = stonesInHand - 1; # drop one in the shole if stonesInHand == 0: return True return False def doEnd(self): v = self.FirstBoard w = self.SecondShole if self.FirstTurn is True: v = self.SecondBoard w = self.FirstShole sum = 0 for i,e in enumerate(v): sum = sum + e v[i] = 0 if self.FirstTurn is True: self.SecondShole = self.SecondShole + sum else: self.FirstShole = self.FirstShole + sum def endOfGame(self, turn): sum = 0 if turn is True: v = self.FirstBoard else: v = self.SecondBoard for i in v: sum = sum + i if sum == 0: self.doEnd() return True return False #### develop an AI in minimax based on takeMove #### don't forget that takeMove alters the board #### Returns a tuple first,second #### the first return is whether the move was a "good" move or not #### The second describes whether the turn should change or not False means stay the same persons turn def takeMove(self, choice, ai): if self.endOfGame(self.FirstTurn): return True, False if choice < 0 or choice > 5: #bad choice if ai is False: print "Bad choice: ", choice return False, False #print "Performing the move: ", choice if self.FirstTurn: stonesInHand = self.FirstBoard[choice] if stonesInHand == 0: if ai is False: print "Bad choice - no stones in this hole", stonesInHand return False, False self.FirstBoard[choice] = 0; choice = choice + 1 # move to next hole while stonesInHand > 0: #walk around the board choice, stonesInHand = self.firstMove(choice, stonesInHand, self.FirstTurn) if self.scoreFirstHole(stonesInHand) is True: return True, False stonesInHand = stonesInHand - 1 choice, stonesInHand = self.secondMove(choice, stonesInHand, self.FirstTurn) self.scoreSecondHole(stonesInHand) stonesInHand = stonesInHand - 1 self.FirstTurn = False else: #must be second person's turn stonesInHand = self.SecondBoard[choice] if stonesInHand == 0: if ai is False: print "Bad choice - no stones in this hole", stonesInHand return False, False self.SecondBoard[choice] = 0; choice = choice + 1 # move to next hole while stonesInHand > 0: #walk around the board choice, stonesInHand = self.secondMove(choice, stonesInHand, self.FirstTurn) if self.scoreSecondHole(stonesInHand) is True: return True, False stonesInHand = stonesInHand - 1 choice, stonesInHand = self.firstMove(choice, stonesInHand, self.FirstTurn) self.scoreFirstHole(stonesInHand) stonesInHand = stonesInHand - 1 self.FirstTurn = True return True, True # what's the score look like from turn's player #"True" (first player's) or "False" (second player's) def score(self): v = self.FirstShole w = self.SecondShole return v - w def minimax(self, depth, maxdepth, originalTurn): debug = True ##set this to False if you want to turn off optional output if debug is True: #this will be pretty spammy self.display() bestScore = -50 # could also be 50 really bestIndex = -1 #this makes 6 copies of the current board - you might use this myMoves = [ copy.deepcopy(self), copy.deepcopy(self), copy.deepcopy(self), copy.deepcopy(self), copy.deepcopy(self), copy.deepcopy(self) ] # you can use myMoves[0].takeMove(0,False) To take move 0 on the first copy in this list goodMove, turnChanged = myMoves[0].takeMove(0,False) if debug is True: print "GoodMove:[", goodMove, " ] Did the Turn Change: ", turnChanged myMoves[0].display() #I returned a tuple from my minimax #consisting of the bestScore found and the bestIndex #bestIndex corresponds to what move should be taken! return bestScore, bestIndex #start a new game game = Mancala() # just play forever! why not?! while not game.endOfGame(game.FirstTurn): b, bi = game.minimax(0, 4, game.FirstTurn) #will propose a move print "##############" game.display() print "Ai thinks the best is: ", bi, " with score: ", b getMove = False while not getMove: #this is just an error checking loop making sure that move is appropriate move = raw_input("Make a move: Please select 0-5 for your hole number: " ) try: move = int(move) except ValueError: getMove = False else: getMove = True print "Performing move: ", move game.takeMove(move, False) game.display() print game.FirstShole, " vs. ", game.SecondShole